The scouting movement originated in Great Britain, where in 1907, Lt. General Robert Baden-Powell compiled the first principles of the scouting movement – peer upbringing of young people in small groups, taking place outdoor, close to nature and under the supervision of an older instructor. Polish guiding and scouting movement was pioneered by Andrzej and Olga Małkowski who are regarded as its founding figures. Andrzej Malkowski came into contact with the idea of scouting in 1909, while translating a book by Robert Baden-Powell 'Scouting for Boys' into Polish. Its contents inspired him to become involved in the organization of the Polish scouting adapted to the national culture and traditions. It was on his initiative that the first teams of scouts were established in Lviv in 1910, and from 1912 the Polish name of 'harcerstwo' for boy scouts went into use. From the very beginning, the scouting movement in Poland has not only advanced scouting ideas but has also taught the national values. These principles were soon to be tested in action. Irrespective of their previous organisational affiliation, scouts were united in the work and struggle for the independence of Poland.